What is the purpose of fluoridation in public water supplies?

• A. To adjust pH levels
• B. To remove dissolved minerals
• C. To reduce dental caries and promote oral health, within regulated limits.
• D. To kill bacteria in distribution

Answer: (C)

Fluoridation is about protecting teeth across the whole community by adding a small amount of fluoride to public drinking water. The fluoride helps strengthen tooth enamel and makes it more resistant to the acids produced by plaque bacteria and by foods, which lowers the number of cavities people get. The amount is kept within regulated limits to ensure safety for everyone, including children. This purpose is different from other water treatment steps: adjusting pH changes acidity levels, removing dissolved minerals cleans out minerals or salts, and killing bacteria is done by disinfection methods like chlorination. Fluoridation specifically targets dental health rather than pH, mineral removal, or disinfection.